From a15854bd92db69fcd0b4444fe1b8fe3610a7acf6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Martin Lucina <martin@lucina.net>
Date: Mon, 23 Jan 2012 08:53:19 +0100
Subject: Imported Upstream version 2.0.7.dfsg
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+<div id="header">
+<h1>
+zmq_pgm(7) Manual Page
+</h1>
+<h2>NAME</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<p>zmq_pgm -
+ 0MQ reliable multicast transport using PGM
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="content">
+<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>PGM (Pragmatic General Multicast) is a protocol for reliable multicast
+transport of data over IP networks.</p></div>
+</div>
+<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>ØMQ implements two variants of PGM, the standard protocol where PGM datagrams
+are layered directly on top of IP datagrams as defined by RFC 3208 (the <em>pgm</em>
+transport) and "Encapsulated PGM" where PGM datagrams are encapsulated inside
+UDP datagrams (the <em>epgm</em> transport).</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>The <em>pgm</em> and <em>epgm</em> transports can only be used with the <em>ZMQ_PUB</em> and
+<em>ZMQ_SUB</em> socket types.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Further, PGM sockets are rate limited by default and incur a performance
+penalty when used over a loopback interface. For details, refer to the
+<em>ZMQ_RATE</em>, <em>ZMQ_RECOVERY_IVL</em> and <em>ZMQ_MCAST_LOOP</em> options documented in
+<a href="zmq_setsockopt.html">zmq_setsockopt(3)</a>.</p></div>
+<div class="admonitionblock">
+<table><tr>
+<td class="icon">
+<div class="title">Caution</div>
+</td>
+<td class="content">The <em>pgm</em> transport implementation requires access to raw IP sockets.
+Additional privileges may be required on some operating systems for this
+operation. Applications not requiring direct interoperability with other PGM
+implementations are encouraged to use the <em>epgm</em> transport instead which does
+not require any special privileges.</td>
+</tr></table>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h2 id="_addressing">ADDRESSING</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>A ØMQ address string consists of two parts as follows:
+<em>transport</em><tt>://</tt><em>endpoint</em>. The <em>transport</em> part specifies the underlying
+transport protocol to use. For the standard PGM protocol, <em>transport</em> shall be
+set to <tt>pgm</tt>. For the "Encapsulated PGM" protocol <em>transport</em> shall be set to
+<tt>epgm</tt>. The meaning of the <em>endpoint</em> part for both the <em>pgm</em> and <em>epgm</em>
+transport is defined below.</p></div>
+<h3 id="_connecting_a_socket">Connecting a socket</h3><div style="clear:left"></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>When connecting a socket to a peer address using <em>zmq_connect()</em> with the <em>pgm</em>
+or <em>epgm</em> transport, the <em>endpoint</em> shall be interpreted as an <em>interface</em>
+followed by a semicolon, followed by a <em>multicast address</em>, followed by a colon
+and a port number.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>An <em>interface</em> may be specified by either of the following:</p></div>
+<div class="ulist"><ul>
+<li>
+<p>
+The interface name as defined by the operating system.
+</p>
+</li>
+<li>
+<p>
+The primary IPv4 address assigned to the interface, in it’s numeric
+ representation.
+</p>
+</li>
+</ul></div>
+<div class="admonitionblock">
+<table><tr>
+<td class="icon">
+<div class="title">Note</div>
+</td>
+<td class="content">Interface names are not standardised in any way and should be assumed to
+be arbitrary and platform dependent. On Win32 platforms no short interface
+names exist, thus only the primary IPv4 address may be used to specify an
+<em>interface</em>.</td>
+</tr></table>
+</div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>A <em>multicast address</em> is specified by an IPv4 multicast address in it’s numeric
+representation.</p></div>
+</div>
+<h2 id="_wire_format">WIRE FORMAT</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>Consecutive PGM datagrams are interpreted by ØMQ as a single continous stream
+of data where ØMQ messages are not necessarily aligned with PGM datagram
+boundaries and a single ØMQ message may span several PGM datagrams. This stream
+of data consists of ØMQ messages encapsulated in <em>frames</em> as described in
+<a href="zmq_tcp.html">zmq_tcp(7)</a>.</p></div>
+<h3 id="_pgm_datagram_payload">PGM datagram payload</h3><div style="clear:left"></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>The following ABNF grammar represents the payload of a single PGM datagram as
+used by ØMQ:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><tt>datagram = (offset data)
+offset = 2OCTET
+data = *OCTET</tt></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>In order for late joining consumers to be able to identify message boundaries,
+each PGM datagram payload starts with a 16-bit unsigned integer in network byte
+order specifying either the offset of the first message <em>frame</em> in the datagram
+or containing the value <tt>0xFFFF</tt> if the datagram contains solely an
+intermediate part of a larger message.</p></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>The following diagram illustrates the layout of a single PGM datagram payload:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><tt>+------------------+----------------------+
+| offset (16 bits) | data |
++------------------+----------------------+</tt></pre>
+</div></div>
+<div class="paragraph"><p>The following diagram further illustrates how three example ØMQ frames are laid
+out in consecutive PGM datagram payloads:</p></div>
+<div class="literalblock">
+<div class="content">
+<pre><tt>First datagram payload
++--------------+-------------+---------------------+
+| Frame offset | Frame 1 | Frame 2, part 1 |
+| 0x0000 | (Message 1) | (Message 2, part 1) |
++--------------+-------------+---------------------+
+
+Second datagram payload
++--------------+---------------------+
+| Frame offset | Frame 2, part 2 |
+| 0xFFFF | (Message 2, part 2) |
++--------------+---------------------+
+
+Third datagram payload
++--------------+----------------------------+-------------+
+| Frame offset | Frame 2, final 8 bytes | Frame 3 |
+| 0x0008 | (Message 2, final 8 bytes) | (Message 3) |
++--------------+----------------------------+-------------+</tt></pre>
+</div></div>
+</div>
+<h2 id="_example">EXAMPLE</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="listingblock">
+<div class="title">Connecting a socket</div>
+<div class="content">
+<pre><tt>/* Connecting to the multicast address 239.192.1.1, port 5555, */
+/* using the first ethernet network interface on Linux */
+/* and the Encapsulated PGM protocol */
+rc = zmq_connect(socket, "epgm://eth0;239.192.1.1:5555");
+assert (rc == 0);
+/* Connecting to the multicast address 239.192.1.1, port 5555, */
+/* using the network interface with the address 192.168.1.1 */
+/* and the standard PGM protocol */
+rc = zmq_connect(socket, "pgm://192.168.1.1;239.192.1.1:5555");
+assert (rc == 0);</tt></pre>
+</div></div>
+</div>
+<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="zmq_connect.html">zmq_connect(3)</a>
+<a href="zmq_setsockopt.html">zmq_setsockopt(3)</a>
+<a href="zmq_tcp.html">zmq_tcp(7)</a>
+<a href="zmq_ipc.html">zmq_ipc(7)</a>
+<a href="zmq_inproc.html">zmq_inproc(7)</a>
+<a href="zmq.html">zmq(7)</a></p></div>
+</div>
+<h2 id="_authors">AUTHORS</h2>
+<div class="sectionbody">
+<div class="paragraph"><p>The ØMQ documentation was written by Martin Sustrik <<a href="mailto:sustrik@250bpm.com">sustrik@250bpm.com</a>> and
+Martin Lucina <<a href="mailto:mato@kotelna.sk">mato@kotelna.sk</a>>.</p></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
+<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer-text">
+Last updated 2010-03-10 23:20:13 CEST
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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